An IoT-Based System: Big Urban Traffic Data Mining Through Airborne Pollutant Gases Analysis

Nowadays, in developing countries including Iran, the number of vehicles is increasing due to growing population. This has recently led to waste time getting stuck in traffic, take more time for daily commute, and increase accidents. So it is necessary to control traffic congestion by traffic police officers, expand paths efficiently and choose the best way for decreasing the traffic by citizens. Therefore, it is important to have the knowledge of instant traffic in each lane. Todays, many traffic organization services such as traffic police officer and urban traffic control system use traffic cameras, inductive sensors, satellite images, radar sensors, ultrasonic technology and radio-frequency identification (RFID) for urban traffic diagnosis. But this method has some problems such as inefficiency in heavy traffic influenced by condition of the air and inability to detect parallel traffic. Our method suggested in this article detects traffic congestion based on IOT containing a smart system that gives us traffic congestion by calculating the air pollution amount in that area. According to conducted experiment, the results were satisfied

Evaluation of Mast Cell and Blood Vessel Density in Inflammatory Periapical Lesions

Introduction: Radicular cystsand periapical granulomas are the most common periapical inflammatory lesions. However, the role of cellular immunity and microvessels in their pathogenesis remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mast cell density (MCD), mircovessel density (MVD) and investigating the correlation between their densities with each other in the above mentioned lesions.Materials & Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 40 paraffin blocks of mentioned lesions were selected from achieves of School of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences. Three sections were prepared from each block and stained by hematoxylin-eosin, toluidine blue, and immunohistochemically for CD34 to determine the score of inflammation, presence of mast cells and degranulatedmast cells (DMCs), and MVD, respectively. The correlation between MCD and either inflammatory infiltrate or MVD was evaluated. Data analyzed by t student, Mann-Whitney and Spearman test.Results: Mast cells were present in all periapical inflammatory lesions; 15.4±14.8 for MCD, 7.2±6.1 for DMCs, and the ratio of DMCs to total number of MCs was 0.354±0.166 and 14.8+4.44 for blood vessel density in radicular cyst and 8.52±6.75, 2.91±2.1, 0.196±0.194 and 13±8.02 in periapical granulomas, respectively. There was a positive correlation between MCD and MVD in radicular cyst (P=0.03, r=0.341), but not in periapical granulomas (P=0.6, r=0.124). MCD and MVD increased with the score of inflammation in radicular cyst (P=0.001, r=0.7) and periapical granuloma (P=0.012, r=0.54).Conclusion: Mast cells and microvessels play a role in pathogenesis of periapical inflammatory lesions. In this study, the density of mast cells and DMCs in radicular cyst was higher than periapical granulomas, but no difference was observed regarding MVD in periapical inflammatory lesions. It seems that the relationship between MCD and MVD is different based on the clinical stage of periapical inflammatory lesions

Effect of Occupational Vibration on Visual Pathway Measured by Visual Evoked Potentials

Purpose: To study the possible effects of vibration on visual pathway using visual evoked potentials.Patients and Methods: Fifty workers from a textile factory segment with machinery creating high levels of vibration were selected. The laborers had at least 6 years of experience in the factory segment where high vibrating machines were operating. The amplitude and latency of visual evoked potential, P100 peak was recorded for these selected workers and 50 age and sex matched controls from other sections of the factory. Results The mean age was 27.5 ± 1.741 and 27.28 ± 1.641 in the case and control groups respectively. There was a statistically significant higher latency of the visual evoked potential, P100 peak in the case group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). No significant difference regarding the amplitude of visual evoked potential, P100 peak was observed between the two groups (P = 0.89).Conclusion: Occupational vibration might have adverse effects on visual system, mainly visual pathway, causing increased latency of VEP; P100 peak measured using visual evoked potentials.keywords: Vibration; Visual Pathways; Evoked Potentials, Visual

Dropouts and Social Determinants of Health; Policy for the Prevention of School Dropout, Qualitative Study of the Causes and Interventions

Background: Indicators of the level of education are the most important parameters influencing each country′s development. Social indicators considered to be a determinant of one′s health consists of two constituents namely; (1) Rate of students enrolled in elementary, guidance, secondary and higher education and (2) the rate of adult literacy. This study is aimed to evaluate the situation of school dropouts in Iran, their causes, and appropriate interventions. Methods: Data were collected through literature review (including published researches and analysis of documents), focus group discussions with the presence of experts from (Department of Community Health, Academy of Medical Sciences) and interviews with stakeholders then these data were classified and presented in three sections namely; current situation, causes and solutions. Results: Results showed that Iran′s current situation in terms of school dropouts is unsatisfactory in comparison to developed countries and in some countries in the region. Influencing factors for school dropouts were classified into (1) Individual factors such as intellectual disability and behavioral disorders (2) group factors such as peer groups, family problems and children′s reduced interests in school and (3) major factors such as educational system and the changes of value, economic, cultural, and political issues. Conclusions: The present study, with the presentation of statistical documents specifically of the current problem of school dropouts in all levels of the Iranian society has been determined and aside from identifying the causes and factors affecting school dropouts, provision of strategies in three levels of prevention to combat this problem has been addressed